Video of Mexico City Protests on 11/21/2014

This video was on the front page of reddit. Thought I would share given its relevance to what has been happening lately. Don't freak out, I am totally fine and wasn't close to the protests in any way. As I mentioned before, foreigners are prohibited from participating in political events by the Mexican Constitution. The video shows a few different scenes. It shows the blockade of the airport by protesters, some random street scuffle, and the Zócalo, or the main plaza, which is like ground zero for the the government and Mexico City. Keep in mind that some of the people in the video are probably agent provacateurs, which I explained in my previous post. 

I sympathize for both sides. On one side you have a populous that is frustrated with narco related violence (around 150,000 killed / missing since 2006), and a government plagued with corruption. On the other side, you have underpaid police officers who are just trying to do their job and keep order. The average wage of a police officer is $350 / month, or $4,200 / year. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Mexico. It´s no wonder that many police officers ask for bribes to supplement their income. 

Emergency Message for U.S. Citizens: Mass Demonstrations Expected in Mexico City / Country of Mexico

Update 11/21:

Just wanted to provide a brief update on the protests yesterday. First of all, I am completely fine. I live 2 miles away and was in no way affected. There were no deaths at the protests and the media is reporting just 16 arrests, which is pretty good in my mind. Here are some pictures. This first one is in the Zócalo, or central plaza, of Mexico City where the governmental palace is.

 The march started here at the Angel of Independence and then marched down the main avenue in Mexico City called Reforma. It passed in front of the US Embassy, which is on Reforma.

This is the protesters marching down Reforma.

The government planted members of the military in plains clothes, as seen in the back of this military truck. The strategy is called Agent Provacateur. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agent_provocateur The idea of these plains clothes military is to incite unnecessary violence and to essentially discredit the entire movement as being violent and criminal, when in fact the vast majority of the protesters are completely peaceful. The agent provacateur can also act as a pretext for the police or military to forcibly remove protesters from an area because they are acting violently. 

Although the students disappeared almost three months ago, it appears as though the movement is gaining steam rather than losing it. There were coordinated protests in Times Square and Washington DC. Also, celebrities like Calle 13 (below) and soccer star Chicharito have started to publicly support the movement. 

That´s all for now. But I expect that this issue is just getting started. 

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Just received this message from the US Embassy. I thought it was relevant given my last post about the 43 students. Protesters are expected to shut down the Mexico City airport today as well as have several massive demonstrations. The government cancelled its annual military parade for today. One interesting point is that "The Mexican Constitution prohibits political activities by foreigners; such actions may result in detention and/or deportation." So better stay away.

United States Embassy Mexico City

Emergency Message for U.S. Citizens:

Mass Demonstrations Expected in Mexico City / Country of Mexico

November 20, 2014

(La versión en españolsigue la de inglés)

This message is to inform U.S.citizens that several mass demonstrations are expected in Mexico City on Thursday, November 20, 2014 to protest the disappearance of 43 students in Guerrero state.  Beginning at approximately 10:00am, university students plan to blockade all avenues and boulevards leading to Mexico City’s Benito Juarez international airport such as: Circuito Interior, Blvd. Puerto Aereo, Eje 1 Norte, and Calzada Ignacio Zaragoza.  Traffic to and from theairport is expected to be severely impacted by the blockades.  The Embassy has advised personnel to consider changing travel plans or alternate routes toand from the airport, including travel via metro (Terminal Aerea stop on the yellow line).  U.S. citizens arriving into Mexico City’s airport shouldexpect to wait at the airport for several hours for the protest to end. If riding the metro or the city bus system, U.S. citizens should take extremecare with valuables and belongings.  Passengers arriving at any airport in Mexico should take only authorized airport taxis after pre-paying the fare atone of the special well-publicized booths located inside the airport.  U.S. Embassy employees in Mexico City are prohibited from using “libre” taxis (hailed on the street), and are authorized to use only “sitio” (regulated stand) taxis.

Additionally, several social organizations, unions and university students will meet at approximately5:00pm at the “Plaza de las Tres Culturas” (Tlatelolco), the Revolution Monument, and the Independence Monument (Angel) to then march to Mexico City’s central square (Zócalo).  Traffic along the planned routes, Paseo de laReforma (where the Embassy is located), and nearby roads will be impacted by the protest.

There are reports that similar protests may take place in other cities in Mexico. U.S. citizens are urged to monitor local newsoutlets for information about possible protests in their area.

The Mexican Constitution prohibits political activities by foreigners; such actions may result in detention and/or deportation. Travelers should avoid political demonstrations and other activities that might be deemed political by the Mexican authorities.  Even demonstrations intended to be peaceful can turn confrontational and escalate intoviolence.  Demonstrators in Mexico may block traffic on roads, includingmajor arteries, or take control of toll booths on highways.  U.S. citizens are urged to avoid areas of demonstrations, and to exercise caution if in the vicinity of any protests.

Review your personal security plans; remain aware of your surroundings, including local events; and monitor local news stations for updates and any news of other protest activity throughout the country of Mexico. Maintain a high level of vigilance and take appropriate steps to enhance your personal security. 

We strongly recommend that U.S. citizens traveling to or residing in Mexico enroll in theDepartment of State’s Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) atwww.travel.state.gov.  STEP enrollment gives you the latest security updates, and makes it easier for the U.S. embassy or nearest U.S. consulate to contact you in an emergency.  If you don’t have Internet access, enroll directly with the nearest U.S. embassy or consulate.

Regularly monitor the State Department's website, where you can find current Travel Warnings, including the Travel Warning for Mexico, Travel Alerts, and the Worldwide Caution.  Read the Country Specific Information for Mexico.  For additional information, refer to “A Safe Trip Abroad”on the State Department’s website.

Contact the U.S. Embassy for up-to-date information on travel restrictions.  You can also call1-888-407-4747 toll-free in the United States and Canada or 1-202-501-4444 fromother countries.  These numbers are available from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.Eastern Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays). Follow us on Twitter and Facebook, and download our free Smart Traveler iPhone App to have travel information at your fingertips.

The U.S. Embassy in Mexico City is located at Paseo de la Reforma 305, Colonia Cuauhtemoc, Mexico, D.F. and is open 8:00am to 5:00pm, switchboard phone number (dialing from the United States) 011-52-555-080-2000,http://mexico.usembassy.gov/eng/eacs_hours.html.  If you are a U.S. citizen in need of urgent assistance,please dial the main switchboard number and ask to speak to an American Citizen Services staff member for assistance.

Beyond the Tacos: Political Turmoil in Mexico

I love Mexico. The food, the people and the culture are absolutely amazing. However, Mexico does have some structural problems that impinge on my ability to fully enjoy the country, and deter me from wanting to live here long term. Here are three examples of recent political events that highlight what I mean: 1) Metro Line 12, 2) Bullet Train Bid, 3) 43 Normalistas. The three examples go from meh, to UGggh, to WTF IS GOING ON!!

Metro Line 12
The Mexican government wanted to expand the subway system in Mexico City in the south. It was a very important project for the government and they spent 70% of the Subway system's annual budget on constructing Line 12. One government body was in charge of the trains and another government body was in charge of the tracks and stations. That proved to be a poor method of management as the two entities didn't communicate with one another properly, and the trains purchased, ended up being incompatible with the tracks.

Second problem, the tracks ended up being laid down and designed outside of the technical specifications of the contract, but the government signed off on the work anyway. The result was that the corners were too tight and a train derailed, which closed half of the line indefinitely until the turns are made within specifications. The problem is that legally since the government signed-off on the non-complaint work (probably a bribe or two), they have no legal power to sue the track developer to fix the non-compliant turns. As a precaution for the half of the line that was not closed, the trains now travel at just 35 kilometers per hour (22 mph), instead of the designed 55 kilometers per hour (34 mph). I have taken the train at 22 mph and it is absurdly slow and makes the whole system (or the half that is open) inefficient.

The fate of Metro Line 12 is still in discussion. There is no budget left to make the needed modifications AND the government can't force the developer to make the changes. What was supposed to be Mexico City's new modern metro line, the first in many years, has ended up being a nonfunctional example of cronyism in public sector works.

Bullet Train Mexico City - Querétaro
In September the Mexican Government announced that a $4 billion dollar bullet train to be built from Mexico City to Querétaro (210 km) had been awarded to China Railway Corporation.

The problem was that China Railway Corporation was the only bidder on the project, which had initially had several dozen interested firms. So what happened, why did all the other firms drop out? Turns out for this $4 billion dollar project, the government only had a period of 2 months for interested firms to make their proposals, which include binding terms on project costs. In other words, firms had just 2 months to find partner firms, perform studies, calculate estimated project costs (including the cost to operate the rail line for 10 years), and submit their proposals. During this two month process, the Mexican government was continually changing significant aspects of the bid including technical specifications and other terms. The result was that almost all of the firms made requests to extend the deadline for proposals given that they didn't have adequate time to prepare and modify their proposals given the complexity of the project. These companies were not newbies either- Bombardier of Canada, Germany’s Siemens and France’s Alstom  These requests were denied and the project was awarded to China Railway Corporation.

 A little more about China Railway Corporation, Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto had met with executives of China Railway Corporation privately months before the public bidding for the train was announced. China Railway Corporation also partnered with a Mexican company that had built a $7 million dollar house for President Enrique Peña Nieto´s family. Some suspect that Enrique Peña Nieto discussed the project ahead of time with these executives in order to give them sufficient time to prepare their proposal.

Two weeks ago the government announced that the bidding award had been revoked from China Railway Corporation in order to ensure “absolute clarity, legitimacy and transparency”. President Peña Nieto is having political problems associated with the third example, and he didn´t think he had sufficient political capital to let this project go to the only bidder amidst so many questions. A new bidding process with a longer deadline will start at the end of this month.

Mexico´s 43 Student Tragedy
This last example is truly tragic. On September 26th, students from a rural college that were training to be teachers in rural schools (think schools without electricity), went to protest a dinner party being held by the Mayor of Iguala´s wife. The Mayor´s wife was the sister of the founders of a drug cartel called Guerreros Unidos, The students were protesting the policies of the governor. As context, Iguala has a population of 110,000 and is not far from Acapulco. The Mayor´s wife didn´t want the students to ruin her dinner party so she made a call to the police to "take care of the situation." The police showed up and killed 6 students right away, and rounded up the remaining 43 and put them in buses. The students have been missing ever since. Their fate is not confirmed, but 3 witnesses have emerged with the following story. The police delivered the 43 students to the Guerreros Unidos drug cartel. The drug cartel drove the students into the wilderness and tortured and killed them. They then piled the bodies up with rubber tires and gasoline and burned the bodies for 14 hours. The ashes and bones were gathered and put into garbage bags, and then thrown into the river.

While "authorities" were looking for the students they discovered multiple mass grave sites that they believed contained the students. Forensic tests later determined that each of these mass graves sites containing charred bodies came back negative. It would come out in the newspaper that the students´ bodies might have been found, to later come back and say "nope, nevermind, wrong mass grave." The media presented it as good news that the students were maybe still alive, but Mexicans felt disgusted that there were so many of these mass graves containing who knows who. How can that be good news?

The reprecussions of the incident have been big, but not as big as you might expect. The Mayor and his wife immediately went on the run, but were found a few weeks later thanks to a hefty ransom. The governor of the state where Iguala is, was forced to resign amdist public pressure. There have been huge protests in Mexico City for the 43 disappeared students. The Mexican government is eager to put this event past them, and they hoped that the testimonies explaining the fate of the students would do just that; however, the families of the students, in an excellent political calculation to maximize the impact of this event, refuse to acknowledge that the students are dead until they have their bodies. The effect of this is a lingering political nightmare for the government.

Prior to this event, the foreign media was in love with Mexico. The government had passed some much needed constitutional reform opening up the energy sector, breaking up telecommunications monopolies, and breaking up corrupt and powerful teachers unions. Everyone referred to this reform as "Mexico´s Moment." Now the media is seeing that perhaps Mexico wasn´t as modernized as everyone thought. Unfortunately, it is extremely difficult to remove corruption and cronyism from a society in which it has existed for a long time. It doesn´t happen in a few years, it takes decades. It doesn´t help that the American drug market is $40 billion annually, which is fuel on the fire as it creates the perfect opportunity for rich criminals to bribe underpaid officials and law enforcement.

It remains to be seen what will be the long-term effects of the 43 normalistas. The President and ruling party, PRI, has certainly taken a tremendous hit to their political capital, but the Presidential election isn´t until 2018, so people could forget by then. Here are some articles about the 43 students if you are curious.

http://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/crisis-mexico-forty-three-missing-students-spark-revolution?intcid=mod-most-popular

http://www.economist.com/blogs/americasview/2014/10/mexico-s-student-tragedy

http://www.npr.org/blogs/parallels/2014/10/10/355140186/43-missing-students-1-missing-mayor-of-crime-and-collusion-in-mexico

http://www.economist.com/blogs/americasview/2014/11/mexico-s-missing-students

Overall, Mexico is amazing culturally, but if it is going to take off as one of the top 10 most powerful nations, which it easily could, it needs to shore up it´s systemic corruption and increase it´s accountability of public officials.